Noise pollution: how the sounds of the city were redefined as ‘urban music’ in 1920s Japan

[Analogous]

If noise pollution is a contemporary problem, however, quite how to measure, control and even define it has long been a subject of debate in Japan.

Noise pollution: how the sounds of the city were redefined as 'urban music' in 1920s Japan

In the early decades of the 20th century, people grappled with the sounds modernity wrought. Some heard only noise. Others found great beauty.

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