Hari - when you design a speaker, what are your "tonality" goals, if any? Do you have a reference speaker/ sound in mind? Or, is it even a correct design goal I wonder. I am asking this based on prem's recommendations above.
The below will be some of my goals,
- precisely defined imaging, particularly in the vocals and bass region
- precisely timed bass without echo or reverberant booming allowing excellent transient response and uncompressed dynamics
- Balance of the Harmonics across the audio spectrum that allow a more balanced sound which will allow details to come out clearly and preserve the timber or the tonal balance of the sound. This aspect however will require more study and research and the ATLs was the first speaker i tried to implement them.
- Coherent sound stage with zero phase-shift to allow detailing to be preserved.
-Diffraction is also studied and taken care of (look at the baffle shape & the felt material - i did not care much about the looks of the speakers if the nets are removed as 99% of the time the nets will be fixed to the speakers)
- Wide band width drivers allow for first order cross over design.
- Time alignment to allow coherent sound stage
- Take a minimalist design approach in cross-over to allow tweaking after listening test.
Usually i do a lot of simulations with the drivers, the filters and play around changing the values of the components and have an fair idea of how the FR of the driver, the filter curves will influence the speaker system. Phase curves and group delay are also studied. The impedance curves are also studied for the linear range before the design is finalized. Once mathematically the values are okay, then i decide to build them.
I usually do not give much significance to listening test as they are influenced by our listening ability, associated hardware and interconnects and of course the room where the speakers are installed and the software being played. I take a back seat hear and just listen to what the more experienced listeners or audiophiles have to say about my design. I get more kick & pleasure in the mathematics of the sound than the actual speaker sound itself. That's the reason i do not have high end hardware or speakers at my home too. I believe if a speaker is mathematically perfect then chances are they may sound well in the real time environment too and this is my goal i would say.
I have also read some one say the slogan - Speaker design is not just a 'Science' but also an 'Art'.