A short answer to your question is YES.
Long answer follows...
As of now chrome browser is the only way for casting local content from PC to chromecast. There 2 ways for casting content.
1. Cast a chrome browser tab. Here, all contents in your chrome tab including audio, video and photos gets casted and shows on TV. Say you are watching your flickr photos on laptop and want to show it on TV, then you just cast the chrome tab and watch it TV. You need to install this extension for casting a tab
https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/google-cast/boadgeojelhgndaghljhdicfkmllpafd?hl=en
2. Use chrome browser extensions. These extensions allow you to play local AV content within chrome tab and cast it to chromecast. One such extension is Videostream
https://chrome.google.com/webstore/...gle-ch/cnciopoikihiagdjbjpnocolokfelagl?hl=en .
Option 2 is the one you are looking for. With this you can cast local audio files. But since this extension was mainly for casting videos, it doesn't have features such as song playlist, album art display etc.
If you are interested in streaming audio only content, I would recommend using Google Play Music service. I have been using it for past couple of years and it is just awesome, being able to listen to your audio collection from anywhere. Its free of cost and allows free cloud storage of 20k songs. These songs can then be played from any android device (or with casting option) or chrome browser from PC (for local playback or with casting option).
See these links for details:
https://play.google.com/about/music/unlock/
https://support.google.com/googleplay/answer/1229970?hl=en
https://support.google.com/chromecast/answer/3267278?hl=en
You can got through this g+ chromecast community
https://plus.google.com/communities/105448789684481707861 for all the latest about chromecast.